Old Wallet, Private key and known public address

[Bitcoin]

Old Wallet, Private key and known public address

This is the scenario

I have an old wallet

This wallet misses a transaction. This transaction was confirmed several times in 2014

I have the public address of that transaction

If I ask to my friend to send the payment again (how?) to my address , will I get my founds back again?

In other words, I have an old backup of a wallet that misses a transaction but I have the pubblic address where my friend sent the coins

Is thera a way to get the litecoin back again without knowing the private key?Consider that I have the original wallet

Source: Old Wallet, Private key and known public address