Different ways in which bitcoin can be burnt

[Bitcoin]

Different ways in which bitcoin can be burnt

I'm interested in the different ways in which bitcoin can be burnt. I can see three ways:

1. Send coins to a 'made-up' address. There's no way to distinguish it from a real address (so the transaction will not be rejected), except that no-one has the private key


2. Send a de minimis amount (e.g. 1 SAT) to an address which already holds coins. These will get 'overwritten' and thence lost


3. Begin an output address with OP_RETURN

Both (2) and (3) demonstrate that coins are destroyed. (1) relies on trust.

Firstly, are the above descriptions accurate (and am I using terminology correctly)?
Secondly, are there any other way of destroying coins?
Finally, in reality do either (2) or (3) represent a material loss of coins?

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